Omnivore vs. Vegan: Which Diet is Better? (2024)

HEALTH, NUTRITION, VEGETARIAN, VEGAN, DIET 4 min

HEALTH, NUTRITION, VEGETARIAN, VEGAN, DIET 4 min

There is likely no greater debate in the world of nutrition than that of omnivore vs. plant based nutrition approaches to health. And while there are many strong opinions out there, the science is much less clear cut than we are led to believe.

Meat based diets have the benefit of more quality proteins to support lean mass, whereas plant based diets can help cut your intake of saturated fat and increase your fiber intake. The question then becomes, which benefits are truly more beneficial?

Here’s what the science tells us.

The Twin Study: An Honest Review

A recent Stanford study, featured in the Netflix documentary, 'You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment', is one of the first of its kind. Researchers were able to eliminate a lot of variables in their diet comparison by using genetically identical twins - pairing one twin with a healthy omnivore diet and the other with a healthy vegan diet.

The study concluded that both dietary approaches were effective in helping participants lose weight. However, the vegan diet seemed to have a more favorable outcome on heart health and aging. The vegan diet seemed particularly effective in lowering LDL cholesterol compared to the omnivore diet.

However, there were also some downsides to the vegan approach.The vegan participants were not able to gain lean muscle mass as easily as the omnivore eaters. They also had lower intakes of protein, vitamin B12, and reported lower satisfaction on their diet.

It is important to note that this study is also fairly small, sampling only 42 participants and that it only lasted 8-weeks. Additionally, while these findings are interesting, they don’t really tell us anything new.

What Does a Healthy Omnivore Diet Consist of?

There is quite a bit of difference between a standard American diet high in calories and low in fruits and vegetables, compared to a balanced omnivore diet that includes plenty of healthy fats and plant based foods. In fact, omnivorous can also be a “plant based” approach to healthy eating.

The Mediterranean diet is a great example of a healthy approach to omnivorous eating (1). This diet emphasizes lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, legumes, and fish, while keeping meat and dairy intake moderate to low.

What Does a Healthy Vegan Diet Consist of?

Just as not all omnivore diets are created equal, neither are all vegan diets. It is possible to go vegan and gain weight or negatively impact your health if you aren’t careful in your food choices. After all, french fries and oreo cookies are technically vegan.

Like a healthy omnivore diet, the best vegan diets emphasize whole food nutrition from plants and limit heavily processed options. A healthy vegan approach should also prioritize plant based proteins at every meal to ensure you get enough protein to support your lean mass. This would include lots of vegetables, fruit, beans, whole grains, nuts, and seeds.

Omnivore vs. Vegan for Nutrition

When you put these two dietary approaches head to head the nutrition is a bit of a toss up.

Omnivore diets can supply more quality complete proteins that are easily absorbed. They are also higher in vitamin B12 (found only in animal foods), along with more zinc, vitamin D, and EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids (2,3).

However, omnivore diets can increase your intake of saturated fats and cholesterol (2).

On the contrary, vegan diets high in nutrient dense plants will likely provide more fiber and healthy fats. Along with itamins C, A, and E, folate, and magnesium that come from plant based foods.

However, vegan diets may increase the risk for nutrient deficiencies like vitamin B12, vitamin D, and zinc (2). And vegan eaters will likely need to supplement their omega-3 intake (4).

Omnivore vs. Vegan for Health

The research comparing a healthy omnivore diet to a healthy vegan diet is fairly limited. Much of what we have to go off of relies on plant based studies that include vegetarian diet and oftentimes they are compared to a standard unhealthy american diet high in meat.

To make this a fair fight, we must consider the healthiest approaches to each style of eating - utilizing a nutritionally balanced, high protein vegan diet compared to an omnivore diet high in plant nutrition (like the Mediterranean diet).

Mediterranean diets have long been associated with positive health benefits including decreased blood pressure, decreased LDL cholesterol, and improved blood glucose control (5,6,7).

Vegan diets have been associated with decreased joint pain, lower blood pressure, decreased risk of type 2 diabetes, lower LDL levels, and decreased risk of certain cancers (8,9,10,11,12).

Of course, we all know it is not easy to stick to a perfectly balanced nutrition plan long-term, so we must also explore the wider range of health effects between these two eating styles to keep things realistic.

High intakes of meat and dairy are often linked to increased LDL cholesterol. Some research has also linked meat and dairy consumption with gastric cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer (13,14,15).

Interestingly, there is also research that points to possible health risks to going vegan. Due to possible nutritional deficiencies, vegan diets have been linked to impaired bone health, and impaired nervous and immune system function (16,17).

Omnivore vs. Vegan for Weight Loss

When it comes to weight loss, it is less about what you eat and more about how much you are eating. However, certain diets may make it easier to keep your weight under control. This usually has more to do with your food preferences and ability to stick with the diet more than anything.

Both the mediterranean diet and vegan diet have been associated with weight loss (18,19). Additionally, high protein diets that include meat and dairy have long been touted as the go to approach for effective fat loss (20).

However some research suggests that vegan eaters overall tend to be leaner than omnivores (21,22).However, their lower protein content may negatively impact your lean muscle mass. And vegan diets are more restrictive, which can make them more challenging to stick with long term.

How to Pick the Right Diet for Your Health Needs

It is difficult to say whether a vegan or omnivore diet is truly best for your health. One could argue that the best diet for you is the one that allows you to eat more nutritious foods. And for some, the restrictiveness of the vegan provides that benefit, while others do better with a more flexible approach.

It is also likely that the “best diet” lies somewhere in between the two options - a plant based diet that includes the occasional lean protein, seafood, egg, and low fat dairy options. This approach would give you the best of both worlds.

The one thing we will always understand is that nutrition is highly individualized and there is no “best diet” for everyone. And even though plant based is on the rise, we will likely still be eating meat and dairy for years to come.


Want to get paired with your perfect diet? Take the quiz and see what Trifecta meal plans fits your taste buds and health goals.

Omnivore vs. Vegan: Which Diet is Better? (2024)

FAQs

Omnivore vs. Vegan: Which Diet is Better? ›

The Twin Study: An Honest Review

Which is healthier vegan or meat eater? ›

Vegetarians and vegans typically have lower body mass index, serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and blood pressure than comparable regular meat-eaters, as well as lower bone mineral density.

Who is healthier vegans or carnivores? ›

No statistically significant differences have been shown for total cardiovascular disease between vegans and meat eaters, but the data so far suggest there may be a lower risk of ischaemic heart disease and perhaps a higher risk of stroke in vegans. There is no evidence of a difference in life expectancy.

Why is it better to be an omnivore? ›

One of the key advantages of an omnivorous diet is that it is naturally balanced in macronutrients. This means that individuals who follow this type of diet are more likely to get enough protein, carbohydrates, and fats, which are all essential for maintaining a healthy body.

Do cardiologists recommend a plant-based diet? ›

Plant-based diets can lower all-cause mortality and lower the risk of ischemic heart disease with reduced IHD-related mortality [3,4].

Are omnivores the healthiest? ›

A new report found that those who ate a healthy vegan diet had better health markers compared to those who ate an omnivorous diet. The researchers recruited 22 pair of twins, who were randomly assigned to eat either an omnivorous or vegan diet for eight weeks.

Why is vegan the healthiest diet? ›

Vegan diets have also been shown to help in the treatment of type 2 diabetes by lowering total and LDL cholesterol and by controlling lipid levels, for example by reducing triglycerides, a type of fat that is also associated with a greater risk of heart disease (Jenkins et al.

Do vegans live longer than omnivores? ›

One study from JAMA Internal Medicine Journal found that vegans have a 9% lower risk of death from all causes compared with omnivores, and another study from that same source suggests as high as 12%.

Do people who don't eat meat live longer? ›

A team of researchers at Loma Linda University in the United States has shown vegetarian men live for an average of 10 years longer than non-vegetarian men — 83 years compared to 73 years. For women, being vegetarian added an extra 6 years to their lives, helping them reach 85 years on average.

What is the healthiest diet in the world? ›

Mediterranean Diet, DASH Diet, and MIND Diets Are the Best Diets of 2024. All three diets are highly recommended by doctors because of their known health benefits. “The Mediterranean eating plan doesn't have a set calorie range or portion guidelines, which is why it can fit almost anyone's needs.

Are vegans happier than omnivores? ›

Respondents were asked: “If you look back at the last year of your life, how would you rate your happiness on a scale from 1 to 10?” The average happiness rating was 6.9, with meat-eaters scoring the lowest happiness rating of 6.8 on a scale of 1 to 10 and vegans scoring 7 percent higher.

What is the downside of a plant-based diet? ›

While a well-balanced plant-based diet can provide a wide range of nutrients, certain essential nutrients are more abundant in animal-derived foods. Plant-based diets can sometimes lead to nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin B12, iron, zinc, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids.

Is it better to be vegan or omnivore? ›

The study concluded that both dietary approaches were effective in helping participants lose weight. However, the vegan diet seemed to have a more favorable outcome on heart health and aging. The vegan diet seemed particularly effective in lowering LDL cholesterol compared to the omnivore diet.

What are the disadvantages of omnivores? ›

Having an unspecialized digestive system that has to handle both plant and animal materials can be a disadvantage for omnivores because it limits the types of plants that can be successfully consumed and digested.

What are the risks of the omnivore diet? ›

Typical omnivore diets rich in meat and especially processed meat products have been shown to be associated with a higher prevalence of CVD risk factors such as obesity [12, 13], hypertension [14, 15], insulin resistance [7, 11], unfavourable blood lipid levels [10, 12] and adverse vascular changes [5, 7].

What is the only diet that can reverse heart disease? ›

Groundbreaking research shows that a plant-based diet doesn't just prevent heart disease but that it can manage and sometimes even reverse it.

Can plant-based diet clear blocked arteries? ›

Plant-based diets can play a significant role in reducing blocked arteries, study says. Vegetarian and vegan diets are linked to lower levels of cholesterol and fats in your blood, according to an analysis of all the evidence from randomized trials published since 1982.

How long does it take for a vegan diet to clean arteries? ›

In a landmark study, he put a group of patients on a low-fat vegetarian diet and prescribed moderate exercise. Within a year, the plaques that had been growing in their hearts for decades actually started to dissolve. Patients' chest pains disappeared, and their cholesterol levels dropped.

Is it better to eat plants or meat? ›

And people who don't eat meat, called vegetarians, generally eat fewer calories and less fat. They also tend to weigh less. And they have a lower risk of heart disease than nonvegetarians do. Research shows that people who eat red meat are at a higher risk of death from heart disease, stroke or diabetes.

Which animal meat is the healthiest? ›

While meat can be a part of a healthy diet, not all sources are created equal. The leanest and healthiest meats to eat include poultry, pork, fish, and seafood. Eating a balanced diet is one of the keys to a healthy lifestyle, which means choosing various foods from different food groups, like proteins.

Is being vegan actually healthier? ›

While studies have shown that a vegan diet (VD) may be associated with improved health outcomes [6,7], the negative health repercussions of these food preferences, on the other hand, are rarely highlighted, and veganism may be associated with negative health effects due to nutritional deficiencies.

Is Tom Brady a vegan? ›

Tom Brady follows a “commonsensical” diet, primarily plant-based but not strictly vegan or vegetarian. He emphasizes that he's not a vegan or vegetarian by definition. Tom's meals comprise approximately 80 percent plant- and 20 percent animal-based foods.

Are meat eaters healthier than vegans? ›

Vegetarians appear to have lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, lower blood pressure and lower rates of hypertension and type 2 diabetes than meat eaters. Vegetarians also tend to have a lower body mass index, lower overall cancer rates and lower risk of chronic disease.

Do doctors recommend vegan diet? ›

Many doctors, dieticians, and other health professionals advocate for a plant-based diet. In part, this is because of the health risks associated with animal products. There is an increasing body of evidence that links meat consumption—particularly that of red and processed meats—with chronic illness.

Is real meat or vegan meat healthier? ›

“While we found plant-based meat products were generally healthier than their processed meat equivalents, healthier alternatives would still be lean unprocessed meats and legumes, beans and falafel.” Plant-based meats, or meat analogues, are designed to mimic meat products and act as a substitute for meat protein.

Are vegetarians or vegans healthier? ›

Both diets share many of the same benefits, though vegan diets might be a little healthier. Also, you may miss out on some nutrients, like vitamin B12, when eating plant-based diets. Talk to a registered dietitian about trying these diets and to ensure you are eating a well-rounded, balanced diet.

Are meat-eaters happier than vegans? ›

Meat-eaters suffer less anxiety and depression than vegans and vegetarians. A meta-analysis examined the effects of meat consumption on mental health, revealing significant differences between those mental health and those who don't.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Ouida Strosin DO

Last Updated:

Views: 6032

Rating: 4.6 / 5 (56 voted)

Reviews: 87% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Ouida Strosin DO

Birthday: 1995-04-27

Address: Suite 927 930 Kilback Radial, Candidaville, TN 87795

Phone: +8561498978366

Job: Legacy Manufacturing Specialist

Hobby: Singing, Mountain biking, Water sports, Water sports, Taxidermy, Polo, Pet

Introduction: My name is Ouida Strosin DO, I am a precious, combative, spotless, modern, spotless, beautiful, precious person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.